Segunda parte / Como o planeta está a mudar

2.7 Condições Atmosféricas Perigosas

Todas as fontes online foram acedidas no dia

  1. mas a maior parte das pessoas sofre os seus efeitos por meio de fenómenos atmosféricos extremos Harrington, L. J., and Otto, F. E. L., ‘Adapting attribution science to the climate extremes of tomorrow’, Environmental Research Letters, 13 (12), 2018: Article 12306, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaf4cc.

    impacto diário nas condições atmosféricas Sippel, S., et al., ‘Climate change now detectable from any single day of weather at global scale’, Nature Climate Change, 10 (1), 2020: 35–41, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-019-0666-7.

    o aumento das temperaturas incrementaria a frequência das ondas de calor mais extremas National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Attribution of Extreme Weather Events in the Context of Climate Change(Washington, DC: The National Academies Press, 2016), https://doi.org/10.17226/21852.

    A ciência da atribuição é linear na sua concepção teórica Otto, F. E. L., ‘Attribution of weather and climate events’, Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 42, 2017: 627–46, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-environ-102016-060847.

  2. Na última década, a ciência fez progressos Van Oldenborgh, G. J., et al., ‘Pathways and pitfalls in extreme event attribution’, Climate Change, 166 (1–2), 2021: Article 13, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-021-03071-7.

    “as alterações climáticas antropogénicas já estão a afetar” Painel Intergovernamental sobre as Alterações Climáticas, ‘Summary for policymakers’, in Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Painel Intergovernamental sobre as Alterações Climáticas, ed. V. Masson-Delmotte et al. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, no prelo), https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/.

    No caso do furacão Harvey Risser, M. D., and Wehner, M. F., ‘Attributable human-induced changes in the likelihood and magnitude of the observed extreme precipitation during Hurricane Harvey’, Geophysical Research Letters, 44 (24), 2017: 12457–64, https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL075888; van Oldenborgh, G. J., et al., ‘Attribution of extreme rainfall from Hurricane Harvey, august 2017’, Environmental Research Letters, 12 (12), 2017: Article 124009, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa9ef2.

    O custo total da precipitação associada à tempestade Frame, D. J., et al., ‘The economic costs of Hurricane Harvey attributable to climate change’, Climate Change, 160 (2), 2020: 271–81, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-020-02692-8.

    teria havido menos 70 mil pessoas afectadas Strauss, B. H., et al., ‘Economic damages from Hurricane Sandy attributable to sea level rise caused by anthropogenic climate change’, Nature Communications, 12, 2021: Article 2720, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22838-1.

    Quando as tempestades se tornam mais lentas, maior pode ser a pluviosidade Seneviratne, S. I., et al., ‘Weather and climate extreme events in a changing climate’ in Painel Intergovernamental sobre as Alterações Climáticas, Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Change, ed. V. Masson-Delmotte et al. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, no prelo), https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/.