Todas as fontes online foram acedidas no dia
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as condições atmosféricas… alterações no regime de incêndios
Painel Intergovernamental sobre as Alterações Climáticas, ‘Technical summary’, in Climate Change 2022: Mitigation of Climate Change. Working Group III Contribution to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Painel Intergovernamental sobre as Alterações Climáticas, ed. P. R. Shukla et al. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, no prelo), https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/about/how-to-cite-this-report; Seneviratne, S. I., et al., ‘Weather and climate extreme events in a changing climate’, in Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Painel Intergovernamental sobre as Alterações Climáticas, ed. V. Masson-Delmotte et al. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, no prelo), https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/; Ranasinghe, R., et al., ‘Climate change information for regional impact and for risk assessment’, in Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Painel Intergovernamental sobre as Alterações Climáticas, ed. V. Masson-Delmotte et al. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, no prelo), doi: 10.1017/9781009157896.014.a influência humana na ocorrência de condições atmosféricas propícias a incêndios
Abatzoglou, J. T., et al., ‘Global emergence of anthropogenic climate change in fire weather indices’, Geophysical Research Letters, 46 (1), 2019: 326–36, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL080959.com um aquecimento global de 3°C acima dos níveis pré-industriais, a área afetada
Ibid.21% das florestas temperadas da Austrália arderam
Boer, M. M., et al., ‘Unprecedented burn area of Australian mega forest fires’, Nature Climate Change, 10 (3), 2020: 171–2, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-020-0716-1.megaincêndios, durante os quais ardeu a incrível área de 24 milhões de hectares
Van der Velde, I. R., et al., ‘Vast CO2 release from Australian fires in 2019–2020 constrained by satellite’, Nature, 597 (7876), 2021: 366–9, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03712-y; Nolan, R. H., et al., ‘What do the Australian Black Summer fires signify for the global fire crisis?’, Fire, 4 (4), 2021: Article 97, https://doi.org/10.3390/fire4040097. -
o número de animais mortos ou deslocados atingiu… 3 mil milhões
Nolan et al., ‘What do the Australian Black Summer fires signify for the global fire crisis?’; Collins, L., et al., ‘The 2019–2020 mega-fires exposed Australian ecosystems to an unprecedented extent of high-severity fire’, Environmental Research Letters, 16 (4), 2021: Article 044029, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abeb9e.Em Lytton, na Colúmbia Britânica, as temperaturas
World Meteorological Organization, State of Global Climate 2021: WMO Provisional Report, 2021, https://library.wmo.int/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=21982#.Yd-bCS0RrUI.um volume de CO2 nunca antes visto, da ordem dos 6,45 mil milhões de toneladas
Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service, ‘Wildfires wreaked havoc in 2021, CAMS tracked their impact’, 6 de Dezembro de 2021, https://atmosphere.copernicus.eu/wildfires-wreaked-havoc-2021-cams-tracked-their-impact; Friedlingstein, P., et al., ‘Global carbon budget 2021’, Earth System Science Data, 14 (4), 2022: 1917–2005, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1917-2022.mais do dobro das emissões totais de CO2
Friedlingstein, et al., ‘Global Carbon Budget 2021’.