Todas las fuentes en línea se consultaron el
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Aunque hay gente que emprende todas las acciones posibles
Ivanova, D., et al., ‘Quantifying the potential for climate change mitigation of consumption options’, Environmental Research Letters, 15 (9), 2020: artículo 093001, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab8589.La acción climática se produce a través de los muchos roles que desempeñamos
Whitmarsh, L., et al., ‘Behaviour change to address climate change’, Current Opinion in Psychology, 42, 2021: 76–81, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.04.002.nosotros influimos en otras personas
Nolan, J. M., et al., ‘Normative social influence is underdetected’, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34 (7), 2008: 913–23, https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0146167208316691.las personas adoptan opciones que favorecen al medio ambiente
Abrahamse, W., y Steg, L., ‘Social influence approaches to encourage resource conservation: a meta-analysis’, Global Environmental Change, 23 (6), 2013: 1773–85, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.07.029. -
«contagio» social o de comportamiento
Newell, P., et al., ‘Scaling behaviour change for a 1.5-degree world: challenges and opportunities’, Global Sustainability, 4, 2021: artículo e22, https://doi.org/10.1017/sus.2021.23.las personas que instalan paneles solares en su casa producen un efecto cuantificable
Graziano, M., y Gillingham, K., ‘Spatial patterns of solar photovoltaic system adoption: the influence of neighbors and the built environment’, Journal of Economic Geography, 15 (4), 2015: 815–39, https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbu036.el uso de bicicletas eléctricas y de motos y coches eléctricos
Seebauer, S., ‘Why early adopters engage in interpersonal diffusion of technological innovations: an empirical study on electric bicycles and electric scooters’, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 78, 2015: 146–60, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tra.2015.04.017; Figenbaum, E., ‘Perspectives on Norway’s supercharged electric vehicle policy’, Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions, 25, 2017: 14–34, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eist.2016.11.002.ha empezado a modelar nuevas normas sociales
Becken, S., et al., ‘Climate crisis and flying: social media analysis traces the rise of “flightshame”’, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 29 (9), 2021: 1450–69, https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1851699; Gössling, S., et al., ‘Does “flight shame” affect social norms? Changing perspectives on the desirability of air travel in Germany’, Journal of Cleaner Production, 266, 2020: artículo 122015, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122015.el número de pasajeros en vuelos nacionales se redujo un 9 por ciento
Berton, E., ‘Flight shaming hits air travel as “Greta effect” takes off’, Reuters, 2 de octubre de 2019, https://www.reuters.com/article/us-travel-flying-climate/flight-shaming-hits-air-travel-as-greta-effect-takes-off-idUSKBN1WH23G; Hervey-Bathurst, Isabella, ‘“Flygskam”: the very real impact of climate change on Swedish airlines’, Schrodes, 28 de mayo de 2019, https://www.schroders.com/en/insights/economics/flygskam-the-very-real-impact-of-climate-change-on-swedish-airlines/.la campaña Flight Free
Flight Free UK, ‘Why flight free?’, https://flightfree.co.uk/why_flight_free/.El entusiasmo creciente por las dietas basadas en vegetales
Stewart, C., et al., ‘Trends in UK meat consumption: analysis of data from years 1–11 (2008–09 to 2018–19) of the National Diet and Nutrition Survey rolling programme’, Lancet Planetary Health, 5 (10), 2021: artículo, e699–e708, https://doi.org/10.1016/S2542-5196(21)00228-X.ha animado a su vez a los productores a que inviertan
Wood, Z., ‘World is shifting to a more plant-based diet, says Unilever chief’, Guardian, 4 de febrero de 2021, https://www.theguardian.com/business/2021/feb/04/world-is-shifting-to-a-more-plant-based-diet-says-unilever-chief.el potencial de permitir cambios ulteriores
Garnett, E. E., et al., ‘Impact of increasing vegetarian availability on meal selection and sales in cafeterias’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116 (42), 2019: 20923–9, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1907207116.Que las figuras públicas influyentes se comprometan a acciones personales […] surte un efecto marcado en otras
Westlake, S., ‘Climate change: yes, your individual action does make a difference’, The Conversation, 11 de abril de 2019, https://theconversation.com/climate-change-yes-your-individual-action-does-make-a-difference-115169; Nielsen, K. S., et al., ‘The role of high-socioeconomic-status people in locking in or rapidly reducing energy-driven greenhouse gas emissions’, Nature Energy, 6 (11), 2021: 1011–16, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-021-00900-y.elecciones personales que transmiten un mensaje sobre la gravedad de la crisis
Attari, S. Z., et al., ‘Statements about climate researchers’ carbon footprints affect their credibility and the impact of their advice’, Climatic Change, 138 (1–2), 2016: 325–38, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-016-1713-2.El 10 por ciento de las personas más ricas producen globalmente
Capstick, S., et al., ‘Bridging the gap: the role of equitable low-carbon lifestyles’, in United Nations Environment Programme, Emissions Gap Report 2020, diciembre de 2020, 62–75, https://wedocs.unep.org/handle/20.500.11822/34432; Chancel, L., ‘The richest 10% produce about half of greenhouse gas emissions. They should pay to fix the climate’, Guardian, 7 de diciembre de 2021, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/dec/07/we-cant-address-the-climate-crisis-unless-we-also-take-on-global-inequality. -
sus recursos personales los sitúan en una posición más ventajosa
Nielsen et al., ‘The role of high-socioeconomic-status people’.La participación en movimientos sociales
De la Mare, T., ‘Concern about the climate at record highs among the UK public, poll finds’, Evening Standard, 10 de noviembre de 2021, https://www.standard.co.uk/news/uk/climate-change-poll-yougov-extinction-rebellion-cop26-b965448.html.su influencia sobre la opinión pública
Bugden, D., ‘Does climate protest work? Partisanship, protest, and sentiment pools’, Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World, 6, 2020: 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2378023120925949.ejercer presión sobre los legisladores
From Student Strikes to the Extinction Rebellion: New Protest Movements Shaping Our Future (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 2020); Agnone, J., ‘Amplifying public opinion: the policy impact of the U.S. environmental movement’, Social Forces, 85 (4), 2007: 1593–1620, https://doi.org/10.1353/sof.2007.0059.los ciudadanos piden de forma clara una respuesta ambiental mayor
Howarth, C., et al., ‘Building a social mandate for climate action: lessons from COVID-19’, Environmental and Resource Economics, 76 (4), 2020: 1107–15, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10640-020-00446-9; Flynn, C., et al., People’s Climate Vote: Results, United Nations Development Programme and the University of Oxford, 26 de enero de 2021, https://www.undp.org/publications/peoples-climate-vote; Steentjes, K., et al., ; Steentjes, K., et al., Public Perceptions of Climate Change and Policy Action in the UK, China, Sweden and Brazil, Centre for Climate Change and Social Transformations briefing paper, noviembre de 2021, https://cast.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/01112021-Briefing-10-final.pdf.pedía a los jóvenes alemanes que «aumentaran la presión»
Entrevista a Angela Merkel en Deutsche Welle, 7 de noviembre de 2021, Deutsche Welle News, 7 de noviembre de 2021, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WMvoxx7XFuc.«es necesario que nos apretéis las tuercas»
Nicola Sturgeon hizo este comentario durante una sesión plenaria de la COP26 con la activista ugandesa Vanessa Nakate y el impulsor de la Acción Climática a Nivel Alto del Reino Unido, Nigel Topping: ‘Cop26: racing to a better world’, YouTube, 11 de noviembre de 2021, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ElSRo5A5d4E [from 37:00].tomar parte en la remodelación de los sistemas y las culturas
Amel, E., et al., ‘Beyond the roots of human inaction: fostering collective effort toward ecosystem conservation’, Science, 356 (6335), 2017: 275–9, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aal1931.puede producirse el efecto dominó
Centola, D., et al., ‘Experimental evidence for tipping points in social convention’, Science, 360 (6393), 2018: 1116–19, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aas8827; Otto, I. M., et al., ‘Social tipping dynamics for stabilizing Earth’s climate by 2050’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117 (5), 2020: 2354–65, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1900577117; Newell et al., ‘Scaling behaviour change for a 1.5-degree world’.la historia nos enseña que tales transiciones pueden ser súbitas
Rapid Transition Alliance, Is There Hope?, 1 de noviembre de 2021, https://www.rapidtransition.org/resources/a-pocket-book-of-hope/.Nada de lo dicho está encaminado a argumentar que […] es tarea únicamente de los ciudadanos
Akenji, L., ‘Consumer scapegoatism and limits to green consumerism’, Journal of Cleaner Production, 63, 2014: 13–23, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2013.05.022.cuyo poder es limitado
Maniates, M. F., ‘Individualization: plant a tree, buy a bike, save the world?’, Global Environmental Politics, 1 (3), 2001: 31–52, https://doi.org/10.1162/152638001316881395.hincapié de forma abusiva en la responsabilidad personal
Lamb, W. F., et al., ‘Discourses of climate delay’, Global Sustainability, 3, 2020: artículo e17, https://doi.org/10.1017/sus.2020.13.una táctica deliberada que debe desacreditarse
Supran, G., and Oreskes, N., ‘Rhetoric and frame analysis of ExxonMobil’s climate change communications’, One Earth, 4 (5), 2021: 696–719, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2021.04.014.También es esencial que los gobiernos lideren
Akenji, L., et al., 1.5-Degree Lifestyles: Towards a Fair Consumption Space for All, Hot or Cool Institute, octubre de 2021, https://hotorcool.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Hot_or_Cool_1_5_lifestyles_FULL_REPORT_AND_ANNEX_B.pdf.