{"id":304,"date":"2022-09-08T14:35:27","date_gmt":"2022-09-08T14:35:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/?page_id=304"},"modified":"2022-11-04T10:22:28","modified_gmt":"2022-11-04T10:22:28","slug":"4-13-designing-new-food-systems","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/endnotes\/what-weve-done-about-it\/4-13-designing-new-food-systems\/","title":{"rendered":"4.13 Designing New Food Systems"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Sonja Vermeulen<\/a><\/p>\n

All online sources accessed on

    \n
  1. \n

    \nScientists are in strong consensus<\/q> Willett, W., et al., \u2018Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT\u2013Lancet commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems\u2019<\/cite>, Lancet<\/span>, 393 (10170), 2019: 447\u201392, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31788-4<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nthe supply side \u2026 also matters<\/q> Poore, J., and Nemecek, T., \u2018Reducing food\u2019s environmental impacts through producers and consumers\u2019<\/cite>, Science<\/span>, 360 (6392), 2018: 987\u201392, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aaq0216<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \ncattle were so valued for their manure<\/q> Bogaard, A., et al., \u2018Crop manuring and intensive land management by Europe\u2019s first farmers\u2019<\/cite>, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/span>, 110 (31), 2013: 12589\u201394, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1305918110<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    \ndamaging biodiversity and ecosystem functions<\/q> Lassaletta, L., et al., \u2018Food and feed trade as a driver in the global nitrogen cycle: 50-year trends\u2019<\/cite>, Biogeochemistry<\/span>, 118, 2014: 225\u201341, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10533-013-9923-4<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    the biggest bang for carbon in food systems<\/q> Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Climate Change and Land 2019: An IPCC Special Report on Climate Change, Desertification, Land Degradation, Sustainable Land Management, Food Security, and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Terrestrial Ecosystems<\/span><\/cite>, ed. P. R. Shukla et al., 2019, https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/srccl\/<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    the greatest driver of these ecosystems\u2019 destruction<\/q> Curtis, P. G., et al., \u2018Classifying drivers of global forest loss\u2019<\/cite>, Science<\/span>, 361 (6407), 2018: 1108\u201311, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aau3445<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    the politically tricky challenge \u2026 centres on growing more with less<\/q> Constance, D. H., et al., eds., Contested Sustainability Discourses in the Agrifood System <\/span><\/cite> (Abingdon: Routledge, 2018).\n<\/p>\n

    efforts towards sustainable intensification<\/q> Bonilla-Cedrez, C., et al., \u2018Fertilizer and grain prices constrain food production in sub-Saharan Africa\u2019<\/cite>, Nature Food<\/span>, 2 (10), 2021: 766\u201372, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s43016-021-00370-1<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  3. \n

    \nthese present their own problems<\/q> Carlile, R., and Garnett, T., \u2018What is agroecology?\u2019<\/cite>, Table, 9 June 2021, https:\/\/www.tabledebates.org\/building-blocks\/agroecology<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nThe highest priority for change is the 5 per cent of calories<\/q> Poore and Nemecek, \u2018Reducing food\u2019s environmental impacts\u2019<\/cite>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nTheir primary concern is to optimize inputs<\/q> Xie, H., et al., \u2018Prospects for agricultural sustainable intensification: a review of research\u2019<\/cite>, Land<\/span>, 8 (11), 2019: Article 157, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/land8110157<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \npreferably coupled with diversification into mixed land uses<\/q> Vermeulen, S., et al., Healthy Diets from Sustainable Production: Indonesia<\/span><\/cite>, Hoffmann Centre for Sustainable Resource Economy and Chatham House, 24 January 2019, https:\/\/www.chathamhouse.org\/2019\/01\/healthy-diets-sustainable-production-indonesia<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \na cow on a modern European industrial farm<\/q> Herrero, M., et al., \u2018Biomass use, production, feed efficiencies, and greenhouse gas emissions from global livestock systems\u2019<\/cite>, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences<\/span>, 110 (52), 2013: 20888\u201393, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1308149110<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  4. \n

    \nAbout 20 per cent cover of bushes and trees<\/q> Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change and Land 2019<\/span><\/cite>; Willett et al., \u2018Food in the Anthropocene\u2019<\/cite>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nRangeland management systems based on sustainable grazing<\/q> Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change and Land 2019<\/span><\/cite>.\n<\/p>\n

    \ncalls for repurposing the more than $500 billion worth of subsidies<\/q> Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, United Nations Development Programme and United Nations Environment Programme, A Multi-Billion-Dollar Opportunity: Repurposing Agricultural Support to Transform Food Systems<\/span><\/cite>, 2021, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4060\/cb6562en<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nprogress on deeper societal issues<\/q> Huyer, S., \u2018Closing the gender gap in agriculture\u2019<\/cite>, Gender, Technology and Development<\/span>, 20 (2), 2016: 105\u201316, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0971852416643872<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Sonja Vermeulen All online sources accessed on 28 February 2022 Scientists are in strong consensus Willett, W., et al., \u2018Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT\u2013Lancet commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems\u2019, Lancet, 393 (10170), 2019: 447\u201392, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31788-4. the supply side \u2026 also matters Poore, J., and Nemecek, T., \u2018Reducing food\u2019s environmental impacts through…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":148,"menu_order":13,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-essay.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-304","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/304","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=304"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/304\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/148"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=304"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}