{"id":268,"date":"2022-09-06T14:22:14","date_gmt":"2022-09-06T14:22:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/?page_id=268"},"modified":"2022-11-01T12:58:54","modified_gmt":"2022-11-01T12:58:54","slug":"4-7-how-can-forests-help-us","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/endnotes\/what-weve-done-about-it\/4-7-how-can-forests-help-us\/","title":{"rendered":"4.7 How Can Forests Help Us?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Karl-Heinz Erb<\/a> and Simone Gingrich<\/a><\/p>\n

All online sources accessed on

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  1. \n

    \nstoring about two times more than the atmosphere<\/q> Arneth, A., et al., \u2018Framing and context\u2019<\/cite>, in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change and Land: An IPCC Special Report on Climate Change, Desertification, Land Degradation, Sustainable Land Management, Food Security, and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Terrestrial Ecosystems<\/span>, ed. P. R. Shukla et al., 2019, https:\/\/www.ipcc.ch\/srccl\/<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \naround 13.2 gigatonnes of CO2<\/sub> equivalent \u2026 per year<\/q> Friedlingstein, P., et al., \u2018Global carbon budget 2020\u2019<\/cite>, Earth Systems Science Data<\/span>, 12 (4), 2020: 3269\u2013340, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/essd-12-3269-2020<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nthis expansion is often driven by industrial monoculture forests<\/q> Le No\u00eb, J., et al., \u2018Altered growth conditions more than reforestation counteracted forest biomass carbon emissions 1990\u20132020\u2019<\/cite>, Nature Communications<\/span>, 12, 2021: Article 6075, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-021-26398-2<\/a>.<\/p>\n

    \nBy the early nineteenth century, forests \u2026 had become heavily depleted<\/q> Gingrich, S., et al., \u2018Forest transitions in the United States, France and Austria: dynamics of forest change and their socio-metabolic drivers\u2019<\/cite>, Journal of Land Use Science<\/span>, 17 (1), 2022: 113\u201333, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/1747423X.2021.2018514<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    \nresponsible for land-use emissions of 2.4Gt CO2<\/sub> equivalent per year<\/q> Hong, C., et al., \u2018Global and regional drivers of land-use emissions in 1961\u20132017\u2019<\/cite>, Nature<\/span>, 589 (7843), 2021: 554\u201361, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-020-03138-y<\/a>; Arneth, \u2018Framing and context\u2019<\/cite>.\n<\/p>\n

    \ncarbon stocks of managed forests are considerably lower<\/q> Erb, K.-H., et al., \u2018Unexpectedly large impact of forest management and grazing on global vegetation biomass\u2019<\/cite>, Nature<\/span>, 553 (7686), 2018: 73\u20136, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature25138<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nThis \u2018lifetime\u2019 \u2026 is typically about fifty years<\/q> Luyssaert, S., et al., \u2018Old-growth forests as global carbon sinks\u2019<\/cite>, Nature<\/span>, 455 (7210), 2008: 213\u201315, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature07276<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nthis \u2018parity time\u2019 may take \u2026 centuries<\/q> Erb, K.-H., et al., \u2018Changes in perspective needed to forge \u201cno-regret\u201d forest-based climate change mitigation strategies\u2019<\/cite>, GCB Bioenergy<\/span>, 14 (3), 2022: 246\u201357, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/gcbb.12921<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nthe mass of human-made artefacts already exceeds<\/q> Elhacham, E., et al., \u2018Global human-made mass exceeds all living biomass\u2019<\/cite>, Nature<\/span>, 588 (7838), 2020: 442\u20134, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-020-3010-5<\/a>\n<\/p>\n

    \nthe focus should rather shift towards reducing the use of resources<\/q> Creutzig, F., et al., \u2018Beyond technology: demand-side solutions for climate change mitigation\u2019<\/cite>, Annual Review of Environmental Resources<\/span>, 41, 2016: 173\u201398, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-environ-110615-085428<\/a>\n<\/p>\n

    \nIn the EU, currently about a quarter to a third of all wood harvested<\/q> Camia, A., et al., The Use of Woody Biomass for Energy Production in the EU<\/span><\/cite>, European Commission Joint Research Centre, 2021, https:\/\/publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu\/repository\/handle\/JRC122719<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nEU legislation treats forest bioenergy as sustainable<\/q> Searchinger, T. D., et al., \u2018Europe\u2019s renewable energy directive poised to harm global forests\u2019<\/cite>, Nature Communications<\/span>, 9, 2018: Article 3741, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-018-06175-4<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Karl-Heinz Erb and Simone Gingrich All online sources accessed on 31 July 2022 storing about two times more than the atmosphere Arneth, A., et al., \u2018Framing and context\u2019, in Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Climate Change and Land: An IPCC Special Report on Climate Change, Desertification, Land Degradation, Sustainable Land Management, Food Security, and Greenhouse…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":148,"menu_order":7,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-essay.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-268","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/268","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=268"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/268\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/148"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=268"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}