{"id":212,"date":"2022-09-01T15:00:13","date_gmt":"2022-09-01T15:00:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/?page_id=212"},"modified":"2022-11-01T12:58:51","modified_gmt":"2022-11-01T12:58:51","slug":"3-3-heat-and-illness","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/endnotes\/how-it-affects-us\/3-3-heat-and-illness\/","title":{"rendered":"3.3 Heat and Illness"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Ana M. Vicedo-Cabrera<\/a><\/p>\n

All online sources accessed on

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    \nIn recent years, historical extreme heatwaves<\/q> Robine, J.-M., et al., \u2018Death toll exceeded 70,000 in Europe during the summer of 2003\u2019<\/cite>, Comptes rendus biologies<\/span>, 331 (2), 2008: 171\u20138, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crvi.2007.12.001<\/a>; Shaposhnikov, D., et al., \u2018Mortality related to air pollution with the Moscow heat wave and wildfire of 2010\u2019<\/cite>, Epidemiology<\/span>, 25 (3), 2014: 359\u201364, doi: 10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000090.\n<\/p>\n

    \naround 1 per cent of all deaths in the world can be attributed to heat<\/q> Zhao, Q., et al., \u2018Global, regional, and national burden of mortality associated with non-optimal ambient temperatures from 2000 to 2019: a three-stage modelling study\u2019<\/cite>, Lancet Planetary Health<\/span>, 5 (7), 2021: e415\u2013e425, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2542-5196(21)00081-4<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nthis burden will grow in the coming decades<\/q> Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M., et al., \u2018The burden of heat-related mortality attributable to recent human-induced climate change\u2019<\/cite>, Nature Climate Change<\/span>, 11 (6), 2021: 492\u2013500, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41558-021-01058-x<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nclimate change will increase \u2026 heat-related deaths by ten times<\/q> Gasparrini, A., et al., \u2018Projections of temperature-related excess mortality under climate change scenarios\u2019<\/cite>, Lancet Planetary Health<\/span>, 1 (9), 2017: e360\u2013e367, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S2542-5196(17)30156-0<\/a>\n<\/p>\n

    \nlarger heat-related risks are mostly observed \u2026 among the elderly<\/q> Chen, K., Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M., and Dubrow, R., \u2018Projections of ambient temperature- and air pollution-related mortality burden under combined climate change and population aging scenarios: a review\u2019<\/cite>, Current Environmental Health Reports<\/span>, 7 (3), 2020: 243\u201355, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40572-020-00281-6<\/a>\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    \nserious problems even before that point<\/q> Buzan, J. R., and Huber, M., \u2018Moist heat stress on a hotter earth\u2019<\/cite>, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences<\/span>, 48, 2020: 623\u201355, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-earth-053018-060100<\/a>.<\/p>\n

    \ndeaths from heat stroke are a very small fraction<\/q> Alahmad, B., et al., \u2018Cardiovascular mortality and exposure to heat in an inherently hot region: implications for climate change\u2019<\/cite>, Circulation<\/span>, 141 (15), 2020: 1271\u20133, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.044860<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nMortality represents just the tip of the iceberg<\/q> Romanello, M., et al., \u2018The 2021 report of the Lancet countdown on health and climate change: code red for a healthy future\u2019<\/cite>, Lancet<\/span>, 398 (10311), 2021: 1619\u201362, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01787-6<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nthe elderly, pregnant women, children and people with chronic conditions<\/q> Benmarhnia, T., et al., \u2018Review article: vulnerability to heat-related mortality: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression analysis\u2019<\/cite>, Epidemiology<\/span>, 26 (6), 2015: 781\u201393, doi: 10.1097\/EDE.0000000000000375.\n<\/p>\n

    \nImpacts also vary considerably across regions<\/q> Gasparrini, A., et al., \u2018Mortality risk attributable to high and low ambient temperature: a multicountry observational study\u2019<\/cite>, Lancet<\/span>, 386 (9991), 2015: 369\u201375, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)62114-0<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nhighly urbanized populations \u2026 are most impacted<\/q> Sera, F., et al., \u2018How urban characteristics affect vulnerability to heat and cold: a multi-country analysis\u2019<\/cite>, International Journal of Epidemiology<\/span>, 48 (4), 2019: 1101\u201312, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dyz008<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \nAlthough we have partially adapted to heat<\/q> Vicedo-Cabrera, A. M., et al., \u2018A multi-country analysis on potential adaptive mechanisms to cold and heat in a changing climate\u2019<\/cite>, Environment International<\/span>, 111, 2018: 239\u201346, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2017.11.006<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

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    \nAir-conditioning has traditionally been considered an effective solution<\/q> Sera, F., et al., \u2018Air conditioning and heat-related mortality: a multi-country longitudinal study\u2019<\/cite>, Epidemiology<\/span>, 31 (6), 2020: 779\u201387, doi: 10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001241.\n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ana M. Vicedo-Cabrera All online sources accessed on May 2022 In recent years, historical extreme heatwaves Robine, J.-M., et al., \u2018Death toll exceeded 70,000 in Europe during the summer of 2003\u2019, Comptes rendus biologies, 331 (2), 2008: 171\u20138, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.crvi.2007.12.001; Shaposhnikov, D., et al., \u2018Mortality related to air pollution with the Moscow heat wave and wildfire…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":146,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-essay.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-212","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/212","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=212"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/212\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/146"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/theclimatebook.org\/en-us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=212"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}